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OSPF地址汇总试验报告

2008-02-24 17:13:08
　标签：交换 网络　　　[推送到博客圈]

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                                              OSPF地址汇总试验报告
1.实验拓扑：
2.实验目的： 2.1按照拓扑图正确连接三台路由器。
             2.2 正确配置相应的接口IP地址
             2.3 配置OSPF虚链路把不与主干区域相连的区域逻辑连接
                 ( Config-router)#area 区域号 virtual-link 对方路由ID
             2.4配置OSPF区域汇总和外部路由汇总
2.5配置辅助地址
               （config-if）#ip add IP地址 掩码 secondary
                 注：只有主地址也运行OSPF时，才会通告辅助网络
                   OSPF把辅助地址看成末梢区域，无法与辅助网络的路由建立邻接关系

3.详细配置步骤：
Setp 1.配置路由器R1,R2.R3相应的接口IP地址,及辅助地址：
R1配置如下：
Router>en
Router#conf t
Router(config)#ho R1
R1(config)#int s1/0
R1(config-if)#ip add 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shut
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#int lo0
R1(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shut
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#
R2配置如下：
Router>en
Router#conf t
Router(config)#ho R2
R2(config)#int s1/0
R2(config-if)#ip add 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shut
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#int s1/1
R2(config-if)#ip add 11.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shut
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#int lo0
R2(config-if)#ip add 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#int lo1
R2(config-if)#ip add 12.1.0.1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R2(config-if)#ip add 12.2.0.1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R2(config-if)#ip add 12.3.0.1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R2(config-if)#ip add 12.4.0.1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R2(config-if)#ip add 12.5.0.1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R2(config-if)#ip add 12.6.0.1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R2(config-if)#ip add 12.7.0.1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R2(config-if)#ip add 12.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#
 
R3配置如下：
Router>en
Router#conf t
Router(config)#ho R3
R3(config)#int s1/0
R3(config-if)#ip add 11.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no shut
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config)#int lo0
R3(config-if)#ip add 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config)#int lo1
R3(config-if)#ip add 13.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#ip add 13.1.0.1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R3(config-if)#ip add 13.2.0.1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R3(config-if)#ip add 13.3.0.1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R3(config-if)#ip add 13.4.0.1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R3(config-if)#ip add 13.5.0.1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R3(config-if)#ip add 13.6.0.1 255.255.255.0 secondary
R3(config-if)#ip add 13.7.0.1 255.255.255.0 secondary
step2 .配置OSPF路由协议
R1配置如下：
R1(config)#router ospf 7
R1(config-router)#net 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#net 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#exit
R1(config)#
*Mar  1 00:13:26.943: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 7, Nbr 2.2.2.2 on Serial1/0 from L
OADING to FULL, Loading Done
R2配置如下：
R2(config)#router ospf 8
R2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2    //指定Router-id
R2(config-router)#net 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#net 11.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
R2(config-router)#exit
R2(config)#
R3配置如下：
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config)#router ospf 9
R3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3         //指定Router-id
R3(config-router)#net 11.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
R3(config-router)#net 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 51
R3(config-router)# network 13.0.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 51
R3(config-router)# network 13.1.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 51
R3(config-router)# network 13.2.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 51
R3(config-router)# network 13.3.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 51
R3(config-router)# network 13.4.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 51
R3(config-router)# network 13.5.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 51
R3(config-router)# network 13.6.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 51
R3(config-router)# network 13.7.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 51
R3(config-router)#
查看R1路由表：
R1#show ip rou
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
 
Gateway of last resort is not set
 
     1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
     10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0        
     11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    11.1.1.0 [110/128] via 10.1.1.2, 00:01:12, Serial1/0
// 此时R1还学习不到R3的路由信息
Step3.配置虚链路：
R2(config)#router ospf 8
R2(config-router)#area 1 virtual-link 3.3.3.3
R2(config-router)#exit
R2(config)#
 
R3(config)#router ospf 9
R3(config-router)#area 1 virtual-link 2.2.2.2
R3(config-router)#exit
R3(config)#
查看R1路由表：
R1#show ip rou
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
 
Gateway of last resort is not set
 
     1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    3.3.3.3 [110/129] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:37, Serial1/0
     10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
     11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    11.1.1.0 [110/128] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:37, Serial1/0
     13.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 8 subnets, 2 masks
O IA    13.5.0.0/24 [110/129] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:37, Serial1/0
O IA    13.4.0.0/24 [110/129] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:37, Serial1/0
O IA    13.7.0.0/24 [110/129] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:37, Serial1/0
O IA    13.6.0.0/24 [110/129] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:37, Serial1/0
O IA    13.1.0.0/24 [110/129] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:38, Serial1/0
O IA    13.0.0.1/32 [110/129] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:38, Serial1/0
O IA    13.3.0.0/24 [110/129] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:38, Serial1/0
O IA    13.2.0.0/24 [110/129] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:38, Serial1/0
//此时R1学习到R3的路由信息。
Step4.配置OSPF区域路由汇总：（要对红色字体的路由表进行汇总）
区域汇总就是区域之间的地址汇总，一般配置在ABR上；
通过计算得出汇总的地址是13.0.0.0/13
R3配置如下：
R3(config)#router ospf 9
R3(config-router)#area 51 range 13.0.0.0 255.248.0.0
R3(config-router)#exit
R3(config)#ip route 13.0.0.0 255.248.0.0 null0  //避免路由环路
R3(config)#
查看R1路由表：
R1#show ip rou
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
 
Gateway of last resort is not set
 
     1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    3.3.3.3 [110/129] via 10.1.1.2, 00:02:06, Serial1/0
     10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
     11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    11.1.1.0 [110/128] via 10.1.1.2, 00:02:06, Serial1/0
     13.0.0.0/13 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    13.0.0.0 [110/129] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:35, Serial1/0
//此时汇总成了一条地址.
Step5.配置路由重分发，把R2的直连地址发布到OSPF区域内：
R2(config)#router ospf 8
R2(config-router)#redistribute connected subnets
R2(config-router)#
查看R1路由表：
 
R1#show ip rou
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
 
Gateway of last resort is not set
 
     1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
     2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2    2.2.2.0 [110/20] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:22, Serial1/0
     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    3.3.3.3 [110/129] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:32, Serial1/0
     10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
     11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    11.1.1.0 [110/128] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:32, Serial1/0
     12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 7 subnets
O E2    12.4.0.0 [110/20] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:02, Serial1/0
O E2    12.5.0.0 [110/20] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:02, Serial1/0
O E2    12.6.0.0 [110/20] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:03, Serial1/0
O E2    12.7.0.0 [110/20] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:03, Serial1/0
O E2    12.1.0.0 [110/20] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:03, Serial1/0
O E2    12.2.0.0 [110/20] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:03, Serial1/0
O E2    12.3.0.0 [110/20] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:03, Serial1/0
     13.0.0.0/13 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    13.0.0.0 [110/129] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:33, Serial1/0
//对红色字体的路由信息进行汇总
Step6.配置外部路由汇总
外部路由的汇总在ASBR上进行,配置如下
汇总的地址为12.0.0.0/13。
R2(config)#router ospf 8
R2(config-router)#summary-address 12.0.0.0 255.248.0.0
R2(config-router)#end
查看R3路由表：
R3#show ip rou
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
 
Gateway of last resort is not set
 
     2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2    2.2.2.0 [110/20] via 11.1.1.1, 00:00:22, Serial1/0
     3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
     11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       11.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
     12.0.0.0/13 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2    12.0.0.0 [110/20] via 11.1.1.1, 00:00:22, Serial1/0    //此时汇总成了一条地址
     13.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 9 subnets, 2 masks
C       13.5.0.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
C       13.4.0.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
C       13.7.0.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
C       13.6.0.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
C       13.1.0.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
C       13.0.0.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
S       13.0.0.0/13 is directly connected, Null0
C       13.3.0.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
C       13.2.0.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
查看R1路由表：
R1#show ip rou
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
 
Gateway of last resort is not set
 
     1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
     2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2    2.2.2.0 [110/20] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:02, Serial1/0
     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    3.3.3.3 [110/129] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:02, Serial1/0
     10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
     11.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    11.1.1.0 [110/128] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:02, Serial1/0
     12.0.0.0/13 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2    12.0.0.0 [110/20] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:02, Serial1/0
     13.0.0.0/13 is subnetted, 1 subnets           //此时汇总成了一条地址
O IA    13.0.0.0 [110/129] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:03, Serial1/0
试验总结：
地址汇总:减少泛洪的LSA的数量
在OSPF中进行汇总。区域汇总和外部路由汇总
区域汇总：
area area-id range ip-address mask
外部路由汇总：
summary-address ip-address mask
配置OSPF虚链路
( Config-router)#area 区域号 virtual-link 对方路由ID
配置辅助地址:（config-if）#ip add IP地址 掩码 secondary
    注：只有主地址也运行OSPF时，才会通告辅助网络
          OSPF把辅助地址看成末梢区域，无法与辅助网络的路由建立邻接关系

本文出自 “Dongwei→工作室” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://dongwei.blog.51cto.com/319848/62966



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    文章评论
 
2008-02-24 20:45:34
路由汇总对一个大的网络是重要的

2008-02-25 11:42:31
very good ./

 

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